Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing?

Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing?

The popular spiel online and on social media, including too many medical professionals, claims that regular white/yellow fat (1, 2) and skinny fat (3) are the same thing. Yet, the Standard BMI definition (4) clearly states that once a person is inside safe BMI — 18.5 to 24.99 — they no longer have too much/any excess regular white/yellow fat (5, 6). The scientific/medical definition (7) of skinny fat (normal weight obesity) is having too much fat on your body when within safe BMI — but it cannot be and is not too much/excess regular white/yellow fat.

You can technically lose 100% of your regular fat but your skinny fat (thin fat, cellulite) will remain. Just ask 80%+ of the women (8) and less than 10% of men (8) worldwide who are experiencing cellulite skinny fat. There is no scientifically documented evidence that a single one of them — 0% — has ever gotten rid of it. No matter how much regular fat they lose, how much muscle mass they add, or how many FDA-approved ways they pay for, they cannot permanently get rid of their cellulite. They can only reduce it.

Kinds of Human Body Fat – Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing?

White Fat, Brown Fat, Beige Fat
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The kinds of fat (1, 2, 3) that are found in the human body are:

Regular White Fat/Yellow Fat Tissue – the most common and abundant fat in the human body is white fat. It is widespread across the body and can be found almost anywhere, but is typically most common on the chest, abdomen, and legs. White fat can look yellow because humans can’t properly metabolize yellow carotene in vegetables and grains, which migrates to and settles in our white fat cells. Visceral fat and subcutaneous fat (9, 10) are typically white fat.

Brown Fat Tissue – most abundant in newborn babies (11, 12), with small amounts remaining into adulthood, brown fat is significantly less abundant than white/yellow fat. It is typically found around the shoulders and neck and positively affects body temperature regulation and metabolism. In certain situations, white fat tissue can turn (13, 14) into brown fat tissue. Visceral fat and subcutaneous fat can be brown fat (15).

Beige Fat Tissue – a combination of white fat cells and brown fat cells. Like brown fat tissue, this tissue positively affects metabolism by burning calories to regulate body temperature via converting white fat to brown fat. White fat tissue can turn (16) into beige fat tissue under certain instances. Visceral fat and subcutaneous fat can be beige fat (10).

Skinny Fat - Normal Weight Obesity, Thin Fat, Cellulite - Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing?
Research Participant 1170

Skinny Fat Tissue (3) – the newest type, we are still technically uncertain what kind of tissue — thin fat and cellulite — skinny fat really is. We know it is not muscle tissue. We know it is not white/yellow, brown, or beige fat tissue. But we are certain it exists, as a person can lose all of their regular white/yellow fat yet their skinny fat will remain.

There is no scientific evidence at this time that white/yellow, brown, or beige fat can turn into skinny fat, or vice versa. It is also unclear whether thin fat can become cellulite, although this is likely the case, as it would explain why some people notice more cellulite as they age. Only subcutaneous fat can be skinny fat (thin fat tissue, cellulite tissue).

Research Participant 1170, Skinny Fat (Normal Weight Obese, Thin Fat, Cellulite) - Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing?
Skinny Fat (Normal Weight Obese, Thin Fat, Cellulite) – Research Participant 1170

What Type of Fat Causes Regular Obesity?

Obese - Too Much Regular White Fat/Yellow Fat - Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing?
Research Participant 1303

The scientific/medical definition (5, 17) of being overweight (BMI 25 to 29.99) or obese (BMI 30+) is having excess/too much regular white fat/yellow fat. Only regular white fat causes a person to be overweight or obese. Whereas, brown fat and beige fat positively affect and help mitigate obesity (18, 19) and being overweight by improving metabolism (20) and burning more calories.

If you are experiencing skinny fat (3) where you genetically should have default genetic muscle/mass, anywhere you have skinny fat tissue you are more prone to putting on regular white/yellow fat and being overweight or obese. And the harder it can be to lose regular fat weight and keep it off. You will have to be more diligent with your diet, exercise, and lifestyle throughout your life. Skinny fat can exist at any BMI, although being normal weight obese (NWO) can only occur when you are within safe BMI.

Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing?

Are Regular Fat and Skinny Fat the Same Thing? - No, They Are Two Different ThingsThe latest science is clear that, no, regular white/yellow fat and skinny fat are not the same thing. They are two different things; two different types of genetic tissue. Losing regular fat can help reduce skinny fat, but it does not permanently get rid of it. No amount of resistance exercise, including weightlifting, and no amount of protein magically gets rid of or turns skinny fat tissue into muscle tissue. This is not how human tissue works (21).

Just as a poor diet or any type of exercise (like cardio) does not cause skinny fat. Skinny fat is unique genetic tissue that can only be reduced by safely losing regular fat, adding muscle mass, or paying for a few FDA-approved ways.

How Does Skinny Fat Affect Weight Loss & Gain


References
  1. Cleveland Clinic: Do You Know The Color of Body Fat?, February 22, 2021. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/do-you-know-the-color-of-body-fat-infographic
  2. WebMD: What You Need to Know About Body Fat, October 25, 2022, Carol DerSarkissian, MD. https://www.webmd.com/diet/features/the-truth-about-fat
  3. Skinny Fat Science: What is Skinny Fat?, July 26, 2024. https://skinnyfat.fellowone.com/what-is-skinny-fat/
  4. Wikipedia: Body mass index, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_mass_index
  5. Cleveland Clinic: Brown Fat. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/24015-brown-fat
  6. Harvard Health Publishing: How useful is the body mass index (BMI)?, May 5, 2023, Robert H. Shmerling, MD, Senior Faculty Editor. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/how-useful-is-the-body-mass-index-bmi-201603309339
  7. Oxford Academic, Nutrition Reviews: Normal-weight obesity syndrome: diagnosis, prevalence, and clinical implications, July 26, 2016, Lana P. Franco, Carla C. Morais, and Cristiane Cominetti. https://academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/article/74/9/558/1752252
  8. Cleveland Clinic: Cellulite, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17694-cellulite
  9. The Conversation: Brown, white and beige: understanding your body’s different fat cells could help with weight loss, May 18, 2020,  Trust Diya. https://theconversation.com/brown-white-and-beige-understanding-your-bodys-different-fat-cells-could-help-with-weight-loss-138141
  10. NIH, National Library of Medicine: Switching harmful visceral fat to beneficial energy combustion improves metabolic dysfunctions, February 23, 2017, Xiaoyan Yang Wenhai Sui, Meng Zhang, Mei Dong, Sharon Lim, Takahiro Seki, Ziheng Guo, Carina Fischer, Huixia Lu, Cheng Zhang, Jianmin Yang, Meng Zhang, Yangang Wang, Caixia Cao, Yanyan Gao, Xingguo Zhao, Meili Sun, Yuping Sun, Rujie Zhuang, Nilesh J. Samani, Yun Zhang, and Yihai Cao. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5313060/
  11. Healthline: Brown Fat: What You Should Know, May 22, 2023, Ashley Marcin (Medically reviewed by Lisa Hodgson, RDN, CDN, CDCES, FADCES). https://www.healthline.com/health/brown-fat
  12. Medical News Today – Brown fat: What is it and can it help reduce obesity?, July 13, 2023, Yvette Brazier (Medically reviewed by University of Illinois). https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/240989
  13. WebMD: Scientists Find the ‘On’ Switch for Energy-Burning Brown Fat, October 17, 2023, Courtney Southwick. https://www.webmd.com/obesity/news/20231017/energy-burning-brown-fat-could-help-with-obesity
  14. scientific reports: A direct tissue-grafting approach to increasing endogenous brown fat, May 21, 2018, Nicole R. Blumenfeld, Hwan June Kang, Anna Fenzl, Ziwei Song, Janice J. Chung, Ranjodh Singh, Roshawn Johnson, Ayse Karakecili, Jun B. Feranil, Ninna S. Rossen, Vivian Zhang, Sahir Jaggi, Bret McCarty, Steven Bessler, Gary J. Schwartz, Robert Grant, Judith Korner, Florian W. Kiefer, Brian M. Gillette, and Samuel K. Sia. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-25866-y
  15. ScienceDirect: Brown adipose tissue is associated with healthier body fat distribution and metabolic benefits independent of regional adiposity, Andreas G. Wibmer, Tobias Becher, Mahmoud Eljalby, Audrey Crane, Pamela Causa Andrieu, Caroline S. Jiang, Roger Vaughan, Heiko Schöder, Paul Cohen. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666379121001786
  16. ScienceDaily: Scientists turn white fat cells into calorie-burning beige fat, July 1, 2024, Brian Feldman, MD, PhD and Liang Li, PhD, University of California – San Francisco. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/07/240701131754.htm
  17. MedicalNewsToday: Obesity can disrupt mitochondrial functions in the body, study finds, January 29, 2023, Corrie Pelc (Fact checked by Sarah Myers, PharmD). https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/obesity-caused-by-metabolism-disrupting-molecule#Metabolic-changes-caused-by-obesity
  18. NIH, National Library of Medicine: An update on brown adipose tissue and obesity intervention: Function, regulation and therapeutic implications, January 11, 2023, Xiaomeng Liu, Zhi Zhang, Yajie Song, Hengchang Xie, and Meng Dong. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9874101/
  19. MedicalNewsToday: How ‘switching on’ brown fat may protect against obesity, May 3, 2024, Corrie Pelc (Fact checked by Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph.D.). https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-switching-on-brown-fat-may-protect-against-obesity
  20. NIH, National Institutes of Health: How brown fat improves metabolism, September 10, 2019. https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/how-brown-fat-improves-metabolism
  21. Healthline: Does Fat Turn into Muscle? What to Know, March 2, 2021, Katey Davidson, MScFN, RD, CPT (Medically reviewed by Jake Tipane, CPT ). https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/does-fat-turn-into-muscle

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